Kubudirira Kufambira mberi muMuurayi Wepanyama (NK) Masero Anopfuura 50 Makore
Kubva pakatanga mishumo yemalymphocyte anoratidza "asina-specific" kuuraya kwebundu maseru muna 1973, kunzwisisa uye kukosha kweSero Muurayi (NK) masero akashanduka zvakanyanya. Muna 1975, Rolf Kiessling nevamwe vaaishanda navo kuKarolinska Institute vakagadzira izwi rekuti "Natural Killer" maseru, vachiratidza kugona kwavo kwakasiyana kurwisa mabundu maseru pasina kurudziro.
Mumakore makumi mashanu anotevera, marabhoritari akawanda pasi rose akadzidza zvakanyanya NK cell in vitro kuti ajekese basa rawo mukudzivirira kurwisa mapundu nehutachiona hwehutachiona, pamwe nekutonga kwavo mukati me immune system.
NK Masero: Iyo Pioneering Innate Lymphocytes
NK masero, ekutanga anozivikanwa nhengo dzeinnate lymphocyte mhuri, anodzivirira kubva kumamota uye hutachiona kuburikidza neakananga cytotoxic basa uye secretion ye cytokines uye chemokines. Pakutanga inonzi "null masero" nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvicherechedzo, kufambira mberi mune imwechete-sero RNA kutevedzana, kuyerera cytometry, uye mass spectrometry zvakabvumira kutsanangurwa kwakadzama kweNK cell subtypes.
Makumi Ekutanga (1973-1982): Kuwana Isiri Yakananga Cytotoxicity
Kunopera kwema1960 nekutanga 1970s akaona kuvandudzwa kwema in vitro assays kuyera cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Muna 1974, Herberman nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakaratidza kuti peripheral blood lymphocytes kubva kuvanhu vane hutano inogona kuuraya akasiyana siyana emunhu lymphoma masero. Kiessling, Klein, naWigzell vakatsanangura zvakare kungoerekana lysis yemamota maseru nemalymphocyte kubva kune asiri-tumor-bearing mbeva, vachitumidza chiitiko ichi "kuuraya chaiko."
Makore gumi Echipiri (1983-1992): Phenotypic Characterization uye Viral Defense
Munguva ye1980s, kutarisa kwakashandura kune phenotypic characterization yeNK masero, zvichiita kuti pave nekuzivikanwa kwezvinyorwa zviduku zvine mabasa akasiyana. Pakazosvika 1983, masayendisiti akanga aona kushanda kwakasiyana-siyana kwemasero evanhu NK. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza basa rakakosha reNK masero mukudzivirira kurwisa herpesviruses, zvinoratidzirwa nemurwere ane hutachiona hweherpesvirus hwakanyanya nekuda kweiyo genetic NK cell kushomeka.
Makumi echitatu (1993-2002): Kunzwisisa Receptors uye Ligands
Kufambira mberi kwakakosha muma1990 uye kutanga kwa2000 kwakatungamira mukuzivikanwa uye kuumbwa kweNK cell receptors uye ligands yavo. Zvakawanikwa senge NKG2D receptor uye ayo anokonzeresa-induced ligands zvakagadzira hwaro hwekunzwisisa NK masero '"akachinja-iwe" maitiro ekuzivikanwa.
Makore gumi (2003-2012): NK Cell Memory uye Rezinesi
Kusiyana nemaonero echinyakare, zvidzidzo muma2000s zvakaratidza kuti NK masero anogona kuratidza mhinduro dzakafanana nendangariro. Vatsvagiri vakaratidza kuti NK masero anogona kuyananisira maantigen-chaiyo mhinduro uye kugadzira chimiro che "memory" yakafanana neinogadzirisa immune masero. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo pfungwa yeNK cell "rezinesi" yakabuda, ichitsanangura kuti kudyidzana nemamorekuru e-MHC kunogona kusimudzira NK cell kuterera.
Makumi Echishanu (2013-Irizvino): Clinical Applications uye Diversity
Mumakore gumi apfuura, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwakafambisa NK cell research. Misa cytometry uye imwe-sero RNA sequencing yakaratidza yakakura phenotypic kusiyana pakati peNK masero. Clinically, NK masero akaratidza vimbiso mukurapa hematologic malignancies, sezvakaratidzwa nekubudirira kushandiswa kweCD19 CAR-NK masero muvarwere ve lymphoma muna 2020.
Ramangwana Ramangwana: Mibvunzo Isina Kupindurwa uye New Horizons
Sezvo tsvakurudzo inoenderera mberi, mibvunzo yakawanda inofadza inoramba iripo. NK masero anowana sei antigen-chaiyo ndangariro? Ko NK masero anogona kusungirirwa kudzora zvirwere zve autoimmune? Tingakunda sei matambudziko anounzwa nebundu microenvironment kuti iite NK masero zvinobudirira? Makore makumi mashanu anotevera anovimbisa zvinofadza uye zvisingatarisirwi zvakawanikwa muNK cell biology, ichipa nzira nyowani dzekurapa cancer uye zvirwere zvinotapukira.