Puas yog Cellular Therapies yav tom ntej ntawm autoimmune Disease?
Kev kho mob rau cov qog nqaij hlav kuj tseem tuaj yeem kho thiab rov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom muab kev kho mob mus ntev lossis tej zaum txawm kho qee yam kab mob autoimmune.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy tau muab ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los kho cov qog nqaij hlav hematologic txij li xyoo 2017, tab sis muaj cov cim qhia ntxov tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes tuaj yeem rov ua dua rau B-cell mediated autoimmune kab mob.
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo tas los, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws Yelemes tau tshaj tawm tias tsib tus neeg mob uas muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog lupus erythematosus (SLE) tau kho nrog CAR T-cell therapy tag nrho ua tiav cov tshuaj tsis pub dawb. Thaum lub sijhawm tshaj tawm, tsis muaj cov neeg mob tau rov qab mus txog 17 lub hlis tom qab kho. Cov kws sau ntawv tau piav qhia txog seroconversion ntawm antinuclear antibodies nyob rau hauv ob tus neeg mob nrog kev soj ntsuam ntev tshaj plaws, "qhia tias kev tshem tawm ntawm autoimmune B-cell clones yuav ua rau muaj kev kho ntau dua ntawm autoimmunity," cov kws tshawb fawb sau.
Hauv lwm qhov kev tshawb fawb luam tawm nyob rau lub Rau Hli, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv CD-19 tsom rau CAR-T hlwb los kho tus txiv neej hnub nyoog 41 xyoo uas muaj cov kab mob refractory antisynthetase nrog kev mob myositis thiab kab mob ntsws interstitial. Rau lub hlis tom qab kev kho mob, tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm myositis ntawm MRI thiab lub hauv siab CT scan pom tag nrho cov regression ntawm alveolitis.
Txij thaum ntawd los, ob lub tuam txhab biotechnology - Cabaletta Bio hauv Philadelphia thiab Kyverna Therapeutics hauv Emeryville, California - twb tau txais kev tso cai nrawm nrawm los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration rau CAR T-cell therapy rau SLE thiab lupus nephritis. Bristol-Myers Squibb tseem tab tom ua qhov kev sim rau theem 1 hauv cov neeg mob uas hnyav, refractory SLE. Ntau lub tuam txhab biotechnology thiab tsev kho mob hauv Suav teb tseem tab tom ua kev sim tshuaj rau SLE. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej khov hais txog kev kho cellular rau cov kab mob autoimmune, hais tias Max Konig, MD, PhD, tus pab xibfwb ntawm cov tshuaj hauv kev faib cov kab mob rheumatology ntawm Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine hauv Baltimore.
Nws tau sau tseg tias "Nws yog lub sijhawm zoo siab heev. Nws tsis tau pom dua hauv keeb kwm ntawm autoimmunity," nws sau tseg.
Ib "Reboot" rau Immune System
B-cell tsom rau kev kho mob tau nyob ib puag ncig txij li xyoo 2000s thaum ntxov nrog cov tshuaj xws li rituximab, tshuaj monoclonal antibody tshuaj uas tsom rau CD20, ib qho antigen qhia rau ntawm B hlwb. CAR T hlwb tam sim no muaj nyob rau lwm qhov chaw antigen, CD19, thiab yog ib qho kev kho mob muaj zog dua. Ob leeg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ua kom B hlwb hauv cov ntshav, tab sis cov kab ke CD19-targeted T hlwb tuaj yeem ncav cuag B hlwb zaum hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hauv txoj kev uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tuaj yeem, Konig piav qhia.